New rivers in the area fall into the ocean of Azov together with Caspian Sea water drainage sinks
Stavropol part. An old-geographic region about Russian Federation found in the central part out-of Subcaucasia, between your Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban part) to your western, the brand new Terek region toward the southern part of, brand new Don region to the northern, the new Kalmyk Independent Republic into the northeast, plus the countries of the Caucasian hill individuals south and you can southwestern. This new Stavropol area essentially corresponds within the territory on previous Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 border, 59,five hundred sq kilometres) and afterwards Stavropol krai, shorter the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq kilometer).
Bodily topography. The big part of the Stavropol region was filled from the Stavropol Upland; the new minor section provides components of brand new Caspian Lowland from the eastern, this new Kuma-Manych Depression about north, and also the hills of your Caucasus Slopes on the southwest. Brand new weather of one’s Stavropol region is actually transformation, from moderate continental in the western to drier and more continental in the eastern. The larger of these through the Yegorlyk (and this streams towards the Manych), the fresh new Kalaus, the fresh Kuma, plus the Kuban and its higher tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (come across Zelenchuk canals). River water is utilized getting irrigation. Quick, generally saline lakes abound; the most significant is the slim but 160-km-much time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless located Stavropol part remained sparsely inhabited by nomadic Nogay Tatars (an effective Turkic-speaking somebody) and you will Kalmyk anyone (a Mongol-talking classification), exactly who to one another numbered in the 80,000
The earth from the western and central area of the Stavropol part was various chernozems and you will chestnut soils; towards eastern and northeast they getting light chestnut. The brand new sheer plants including transform eastward which have decreasing humidity, off meadow fescuefeather grass steppe to inactive fescuefeather grass steppe and semidesert plant life regarding wormwood, dead fescue, and you will feather lawn. On the way more humid an element of the Stavropol Upland plus the Caucasus foothills the new Europe de l’Est agence mariГ©es pure flowers try forest-steppe having pine-hornbeam-beech woods. Now both steppe and also the tree-steppe are almost completely eliminated to own agriculture.
Background. On the mid-16th century the brand new Caucasus in addition to Stavropol part started initially to started towards contact with Muscovite colonization. On 16th and you will 17th ages Subcaucasia educated the origins away from Cossack colonization (brand new Don Cossacks in the west plus the Terek Cossacks from inside the the new east). Caucasian mountain individuals, the Karachai and Cherkess, stayed in the latest hills of the region.
Early in the latest 18th century the brand new Stavropol part nominally became an element of the Russian Kingdom. Long lasting settlements, however, weren’t depending before the last one-fourth of your own century, whenever, within the 177780, the fresh new Russian authorities oriented a line of forts, the new Mozdok-Azov range, having headquarters on Stavropol, so you can secure the Caucasian hill peoples. From the 1785 brand new Stavropol part molded section of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated a gubernia inside 1802. Following multiple label transform it had been designated since the Stavropol gubernia in the 1847. Their limitations was indeed fundamentally fixed when you look at the 1861, if it try broke up from Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as the 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Through to the 1930s the new Stavropol region are compensated by the each other Ukrainians and Russians, and you will constituted a part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
Brand new Russian government promoted this new quick colonization of the Stavropol area to present a base to have army tips throughout the Caucasus. Section of you to aim was attained by the fresh giving of choice tracts from land so you can Russian noblemen, who settled these with their serfs. A significant factor in colonization, not, was the brand new spontaneous settlement from the condition peasants who were unimpeded by the the fresh new main regulators. In reality the latest purple regulators legalized extant states towards the ukase from 1804 and you may given assistance to people who’d paid in the the latest Stavropol area. Towards the end of your 1850s the people regarding Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for every single sq kilometer). The just town, Stavropol, expanded from around step 3,000 people in 1800 so you’re able to 17,600 people in the 1853. Probably the most heavily compensated section was in fact the latest steppes between your Yegorlyk while the Kalaus streams and also the Kalaus River valley. The populace away from Stavropol gubernia (as well as Terek oblast) during the 1853 contained forty eight.7 per cent Cossacks, 32 per cent county peasants, 16.dos % nomadic herders, and you will step 3.1 percent serfs while some.
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